Early Muslim Period
The Early Muslim Period At the beginning of the 7th century CE, a miracle happened to the Arab tribes of the desert: God chose them as the chosen people and…
Dome of the Rock Night Journey
The Night Journey Al-Isrāʾ wal-Miʿrāj (The Horizontal Journey Leading to the Vertical Journey) is a concept in Sufi Islam that refers to the Night Journey of the Prophet Muhammad to…
Alchemy and the Umayyad Dynasty
Alchemy and the Umayyad Dynasty Following Caliphs Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali ibn Abi Talib, who are considered to be the four Rightly Guided Caliphs, the Umayyad dynasty rose…
Early Sufis and Jerusalem
Early Sufis and Jerusalem Towards the end of the 8th century CE, holy individuals began to appear throughout the Middle East, claiming to possess mystical knowledge passed down to them…