Ottomans and Bektashi Janissaries
Ottomans and the Bektashi Dervishes The Ottomans conquered Jerusalem in 1517 and ruled it for 400 years. Ostensibly, this was merely the replacement of one Muslim rule with another, but…
Whirling Dervishes in Jerusalem
Whirling Dervishes in Jerusalem It appears that the Bektashi Order established a center for its rituals in Jerusalem in the 16th century, but the more important order established in Jerusalem…
Naqshbandi Zawiya in Jerusalem
The Naqshbandi Order and the Silent Dhikr In the 19th century, the importance of the Naqshbandi Order grew, serving as a central component in the new Ottoman Pan-Islamic vision of…
New Muslim Jerusalem
Ali Jauhar and Muhammad Iqbal The British Empire, which ruled over a quarter of the globe, was called the Empire on which the sun never set. India was the jewel…